Permanent wave apparatus



June 13, 1939. A HALL 2,162,081

PERMAIAENT WAVE APPARATUS Filed May 5, 1938 Patented June 13, 1939 v2,162,081

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS Frank G. Hall,Chicago, Ill., assignor to Halgar, Inc., Chicago, 111., a corporation ofIllinois Application May 5, 1938, Serial No. 206,222

7 Claims. (Cl. 132-.36)

This invention relates to improvements in apthe strand wrapped into aroll ready for applicaparatus for permanently waving hair, and more tionof the exothermic pad. particularly to hair-waving apparatus of simpleFig. 4 is a detail view of the exothermic pad. and economical formcapable of use by a woman Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figs. 2 and 3, but5 for home treatment of her own hair or the hair showing the exothermicpad applied about the 5 of others, without requiring complicatedaccesroll, in final condition for heat treatment.

series such as electrical attachments or the prac- Fig. 6v is anenlarged transverse section of the tice of extraordinary skill inmanipulating the apparatus arranged as shown in Fig. 5. apparatus, Fig.7 is a view similar to Fig. 5, but showing The present invention isbased upon a form of the roll and protective shield in a twisted posi-10 apparatus broadly disclosed in the co-pending tion relative to thefelt pad, but without danger application for Letters Patent of Carlotade la of scalp burn to the wearer.

Garza, serial No. 148,703, filed June 1'7, 1937, and Fig. 8 is a detailview of a metal protective is especially directed to improvements in theshield forming one of the novel features of my construction of thewrapper or curler, and metal improved apparatus. 15. heat reflecting andprotective shield used there- Fig; 9 is adetail view of a felt padforming a with. part of the apparatus.

One of the most serious difficulties heretofore Fig. 10 is a detail viewof a fibre shield optionencountered in the use of hair waving apparatusally usable in connection with my improved form is the danger from burnsor scalds caused by disof apparatus.

charge of steam toward the scalp during the Referring now to details ofthe embodiment of 20 heating process. Substantial protective devices,the invention shown in the drawing, t e P such as thick felt pads, areusually placed next pal parts of the apparatus comprise a felt pad ill,to the scalp, and other forms of shields have also a metal shield I, awrapper l2 and an exotherbeen inserted between the curl and scalp duringmic pad l3. The felt pad I0 is of the usual form 25 the heat treatment.Nevertheless, scalp burns having a longitudinal slit I therein throughare still of frequent occurrence, even under which a strand or tress iiof hair to be treated is skilled hands, due to accidental twisting ordispassed, and the pad is then brought against the placement of thewrapped curl relative to its prop, as indicated in Figs- 2 d In P ptective pad so as to permit a jet of steam genertion for treatment, thestrand of hair is mois- 30 ated in the wrapper to be discharged over thetened as usual with a permanent wave or hairside of said pad toward thescalp. eat ng Solution.

In carrying out the present invention, I proh P t e S e d ll Sh Wn indetail in vide an improved form of curl wrapper including 8 s p e e ab ymade of sheet metal such as aluma metal reinforcing member serving toassist in inllm, and s Provided With pt flanges 35 curling the hairstrand into a straight, relatively "5 along pposite sides thereof so asto form in compact l hi is more readily maintained. effect a trough forreceiving the assembled hair in proper position during the subsequentheating and g g pad i L gr are fistage, and also provide a new form ofheat rey Secure Q' as W {more 4 fleeting and protective shield whichco-operates fully Sam shield 13 Pmvlded a 40 with the wrapped roll andthe heating pad so as yj i fig fg'f t recei e r s ran sprea orm prior 0iis ifriiiit lie filifi ifs: ziitzstrtss me bums' I I t l i z i I strandd ftl r lfi ld the cenerso romoneegeo es e The mventmn'may best be Thewrapper l2 includes an elongated strip of 45 erence the mmPPanYmgdrawing m whlch cloth such as flannel, folded upon itself to form 1 1S aviewnmstratmg the methPd of two lapping sheets ll, l8, one of which isprefp t of y p v d m of halr-wavmg erably slightly longer than theother. Along the apparatus. folded end of the wrapper is disposed a pairof 2 is an enlarged perspective V w Show ng insulated wires l9 and 20having bendable end p s of th appa tus n an nit al sta f apportions l9,19 and 20 20 respectively, proplication to a strand of hair ready forwrapping jecting at opposite sides of the wrapper, as clearor curlingthe latter into a roll. ly shown in Fig. 2. The structural features ofFig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing the wrapper abovedescribed are similar to those 55-soastoholdthewiresfirmlyinplacealongthe edge of said wrappe as shown. I

The exothermic heat pad I! may consist of the usual fiat foil envelope23 containing a suitable exothermic powder, and having one wall thereofperforated at intervals, as shown in Fig. 4. when ready for application,water is applied to a sheet of cloth or absorbent paper it, and thedampened sheet is then placed over'the perforated side of the exothermicpad. The water,

- passing through the perforations, chemically reacts as usual with theexothermic powder to produce heat.

The auxiliary shield as shown in Fig. 10 is an optional part of theapparatus, and consists of a fiat sheet of fibre or rubber formed with acenter slot 20 and communicating slot 21, and

- adapted to be applied beneath the felt pad in next tothe scalp, ifdesired. Heretofore, shields of this general form have often beenapplied over the felt pad II, but due to the added advantage of myimproved form of metal shield II to be hereinafter more fully described,such fibre or rubber shields can be dispensed'with.

The use and operation of the apparatus above describedmay now beexplained as follows:

Each strand of hair II which is to be waved is separated from thesurrounding hair and through the slit ll of a felt pad II. The pad I. isthen pushed tightly toward the scalp. If an auxiliary shield II is tobeused, it is first inserted between the felt pad and the scalp. Thestrand is then moistened with a suitable permanent wave solution. I

The metal shield II is then'applied to the hair strand, with said strandspread out along the central slot'il' and with said shield pushedagainst the outer face of the felt pad ll, as shown in Fig. 2. J I e Thewrapper II is initially applied to the end I of the strand as shown'inthe sameflgure. For

convenience, the shorter sheet II is held Wiper-v tightly against theshield Ii and between the upstanding flanges l6 thereof. as shown-inFig. 3.

The roll'is now ready for heat treatment by. ap-

, 'plication of an exothermic pad.

" case, it is necessary to hold each roll securely in The operator may,of course, elect whether to proceed at once with the heating process, orwait; until the remaining-strands of hair are similarly rolled "on otherwrappers in the same manner, before applying any heat pads. But ineither place while the heat pad is being applied. For this purpose, onepair of'the two wire ends projecting from opposite ends of the wrapperare employed, as for instance as shown in Pig. 3,

' wherein the wire ends II and I!" are bent in direction along theadjacent sides of the roll, thus holding the hairand wrapper securelyagainst unwrapping;

After wetting and applying the absorbent sheet 24 to the perforatedsideof the exothermic pad,

said pad and sheet are applied over the roll with the wet sheet towardthe hair, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The exothermic pad is of such shapeand size to fit around the exposed sides of the roll and with its sidemargins in engagement with the outer face of the metal shield ii betweenthe opposite upstanding flanges l6 thereof, as clearly seen in thesefigures. The pad is finally secured snugly in this position by means ofthe second pair of wires 20' and 20 projecting from the ends of thewrapper. These wire ends are bent along the outside surfaces of theexothermic pad closely adjacent the lower margins of the latter, but ineach instance preferably extend toward the side opposite to thecompanion wires i9 and I9", respectively, as clearly indicated in Fig.5. The heating pad is thus securely held against the metal shield ll sothat the latter forms in effect a closed metallic wall for the heatingpad, and due to the heat-reflecting surface.

provided by the shield, the heat from said pad is conserved and directedmore effectively to the under surface of the roll.

It will be observed further, that the upturned flanges ii of the metalshield serve to confine and hold the side margins of the heating pad inalignment therebetween, so thatthe shield moves bodily with the roll.This feature has especial advantages over prior forms of shields similarto the form shown in Fig. 10, on which the roll often tended to becometwisted laterally so that the ends of the roll would project beyond thesides of such shield and the felt pad thereunder,

the shield moves bodily with the roll whenit becomes twisted laterally,as indicated in Fig. 7, thus protecting the scalp from burns or scaldsat all times. v

When the heating pads cool off, the outer two wires of each are thenbent outwardly or straightened to permit removal of said pad. Theinnerpairs of wires are then bent outwardly and the curled strands of hairand theirwrappers are un wound. The shield and felt pads are alsoremoved, and the hair is ready for usual treatment, such as rinsing inwater, drying and final arrangement ofthe curls or waves on the head..It will be understood that the wrappers, pads and shields can be usedrepeatedly, while new exothermic pads can be supplied for each treat.-ment. The apparatus is therefore extremely economical and simple inconstruction and operation, and has been rendered safe in unskilledhands as improved by the present invention.

Although I have shown and described certain embodiments of my inventionit will be under- I stood that I do not wish to be limited to the exactconstruction shown and described, but that various changes andmodifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scopeof. my invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: 1. In combination in a hairwaving' apparatus. aprotective shield having rigid upturned flanges along opposite sides anda centrally disposed slot for passing a strand of hair therethrough,means for winding said strand into a roll and securing the latteragainst the face of said shield, a fiexible exothermic pad adapted toextend over said roll.

and means for securing the lateral edges of said pad between the flangesof said shield.

2. In combination in a-hair waving apparatus, a protective metallicshield having rigid upturned strand to be passed into said centrallydisposed flanges along opposite sides and a centrally disposed slot forpassing a strand of hair therethrough, a wrapper comprising asubstantially rigid metallic base striphaving two fabric sheetsconnected thereto along adjacent edges, said wrapper being designed towind said strand into a roll about said rigid base strip, a pair ofrelatively bendable wires extending from opposite ends of said strip forsecuring the roll against the face of said shield, a flexible exothermicpad adapted to extend over said roll, and a second pair of relativelybendable wires connected to the ends of said strip for securing thelateral edgesof said pad between the flanges of said protective shield.

3. A protective shield for use in a hair .waving apparatus, comprising aplate having rigid upturned flanges along opposite sides thereof, acentrally disposed restricted slot for retaining a strand of hair inflattened-position therein, and a laterally extending connecting slotthrough one side and flange thereof to permit the strand to be passedinto said centrally disposed slot.

4. A protective shield for use in a hair-waving apparatus, comprising ametal plate having a heat-reflecting upper surface and rigid upturnedflanges along opposite sides thereof, said plate also having a centrallydisposed restricted slot for retaining a strand of hair in flattenedposition therein, and a laterally extending connecting slot through oneside and flange thereof to permit the slot.

5. A wrapper for use in a hair waving apparatus, comprising two fabricsheets connected along with the bendable ends of the wires extendingfrom each end of said basestrip to form a pair of independent holdingdevices at each end of sald wrapper.

7. A wrapper for use in a hair waving appara-' tus, comprising twofabric sheets connected along adjacent edges to a substantially rigidbase strip so as to receive the ends of a relatively flat strand of hairadjacent. said base strip, and bendable wires extending from oppositeends of said base strip so that said sheets and strand may be rolledabout said strip and the completed roll may be held in place by bendingsaid wires reversely along the outer sides of the roll.

FRANKG.HAIL.

